A previous user noted this problem:

The loading banner appeared, and a window popped up asking if I want to disable shading on planets. If I clicked yes, it would load all the way through, and go to the main menu, which was just a white screen where I couldn't do anything.

If I clicked no on the box, the game would close.

If I ignored the box, it would disappear, and the game would be stuck loading.

I experienced this as well, but I found that I could delete the ./config/main-user.cfg file and the config is regenerated along with shaders compiling.

I was attempting to use a folder mounted from another linux install with the game already installed.

After resetting this config the program ran fine.